DDU MA English Entrance Previous Year Questions 2025 (Memory Based)

हेलो स्टूडेंट्स! MA English Entrance Exam की तैयारी कर रहे अंग्रेजी साहित्य के सभी छात्रों का स्वागत है। यदि आप CUET PG, BHU, DDU या किसी अन्य प्रतिष्ठित विश्वविद्यालय से अंग्रेजी (English) में मास्टर्स करने का लक्ष्य रख रहे हैं, तो केवल थ्योरी पढ़ना काफी नहीं है; आपको परीक्षा में पूछे जाने वाले वस्तुनिष्ठ प्रश्नों (MCQs) की प्रैक्टिस भी करनी होगी।

आपकी इसी आवश्यकता को पूरा करने के लिए, हम 'Previous Year Most Important Questions' की एक स्पेशल सीरीज़ लेकर आए हैं। इस आर्टिकल में विशेष रूप से दीनदयाल उपाध्याय (DDU) गोरखपुर विश्वविद्यालय के सत्र 2025 की प्रवेश परीक्षा में पूछे गए प्रश्नों को शामिल किया गया है। ध्यान दें कि प्रवेश परीक्षाओं में पेपर बाहर नहीं दिया जाता है, इसलिए ये सभी प्रश्न स्मृति आधारित (Memory Based) हैं, जो परीक्षा दे चुके छात्रों के अनुभव पर तैयार किए गए हैं।

💡 प्रो टिप (Pro Tip): अंग्रेजी (English) की प्रवेश परीक्षाओं में British Literature, Indian Writing in English, Literary Theory & Criticism, और American Literature से हमेशा सर्वाधिक प्रश्न बनते हैं। महत्वपूर्ण लेखकों (Authors), उनकी प्रमुख रचनाओं (Books/Poems) और साहित्य के युगों (Literary Periods) की एक लिस्ट बनाकर अपने स्टडी रूम में चिपका लें।

DDU MA English Entrance Previous Year Questions 2025 (Memory Based)

नीचे दिए गए प्रश्नों का ध्यानपूर्वक अभ्यास करें। आपकी सुविधा और त्वरित मूल्यांकन के लिए सही उत्तर को हरे रंग (Green) से हाईलाइट कर दिया गया है:

Q1. Who is known as the "Father of English Poetry"?
A. William Shakespeare
B. Geoffrey Chaucer
C. John Milton
D. Edmund Spenser
Ans. B. Geoffrey Chaucer
Explanation: Geoffrey Chaucer is regarded as the "Father of English Poetry" because of his immense contribution to English literature, especially through The Canterbury Tales, which established English as a major literary language.

Q2. Which period of English literature is commonly known as the Age of Shakespeare?
A. Victorian Age
B. Romantic Age
C. Elizabethan Age
D. Restoration Age
Ans. C. Elizabethan Age
Explanation: The Elizabethan Age (1558–1603), during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, witnessed the flourishing of drama and poetry, with William Shakespeare as its greatest literary figure.

Q3. Which work is written by John Milton?
A. The Faerie Queene
B. Paradise Lost
C. The Rape of the Lock
D. Utopia
Ans. B. Paradise Lost
Explanation: Paradise Lost is John Milton's epic poem, first published in 1667. It narrates the biblical story of the Fall of Man and is considered one of the greatest works in English literature.

Q4. The Romantic Age in English literature officially began with the publication of which work?
A. Paradise Lost
B. Lyrical Ballads
C. The Prelude
D. The Waste Land
Ans. B. Lyrical Ballads
Explanation: Lyrical Ballads (1798), jointly published by William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, is regarded as the beginning of the Romantic Movement in English literature.

Q5. Which of the following is NOT a tragedy written by William Shakespeare?
A. Macbeth
B. Hamlet
C. Othello
D. Twelfth Night
Ans. D. Twelfth Night
Explanation: Twelfth Night is one of Shakespeare's most celebrated comedies, whereas Hamlet, Macbeth, and Othello are among his major tragedies.

Q6. Who among the following wrote Pride and Prejudice?
A. George Eliot
B. Charlotte Brontë
C. Jane Austen
D. Virginia Woolf
Ans. C. Jane Austen
Explanation: Pride and Prejudice (1813) is Jane Austen's masterpiece, admired for its wit, characterization, and social commentary on nineteenth-century English society.

Q7. Who proposed the concept of Catharsis in literary criticism?
A. Plato
B. Aristotle
C. Longinus
D. Philip Sidney
Ans. B. Aristotle
Explanation: In Poetics, Aristotle explains that tragedy produces catharsis, meaning the purification or purgation of emotions such as pity and fear.

Q8. Which literary theory primarily focuses on class struggle and economic forces in literature?
A. Feminism
B. Psychoanalysis
C. Marxism
D. Structuralism
Ans. C. Marxism
Explanation: Marxist literary criticism interprets literary texts through the lens of class conflict, ideology, labor, and socio-economic structures influenced by the ideas of Karl Marx.

Q9. Which branch of linguistics studies the structure and formation of words?
A. Syntax
B. Morphology
C. Semantics
D. Phonology
Ans. B. Morphology
Explanation: Morphology is the branch of linguistics that examines the internal structure of words, morphemes, prefixes, suffixes, and word formation processes.

Q10. Who is the author of the novel Things Fall Apart?
A. Derek Walcott
B. Chinua Achebe
C. V. S. Naipaul
D. J. M. Coetzee
Ans. B. Chinua Achebe
Explanation: Things Fall Apart (1958) is Chinua Achebe's landmark novel. It portrays the impact of British colonialism on Igbo society and is one of the foundational works of postcolonial literature.

Q11. Which of the following novels won the Booker Prize in 1997?
A. Midnight's Children
B. The God of Small Things
C. A Suitable Boy
D. The White Tiger
Ans. B. The God of Small Things
Explanation: The God of Small Things by Arundhati Roy won the Booker Prize in 1997. It is her debut novel and brought international recognition to Indian Writing in English.

Q12. Who wrote the famous essay "Tradition and the Individual Talent"?
A. Matthew Arnold
B. T. S. Eliot
C. I. A. Richards
D. F. R. Leavis
Ans. B. T. S. Eliot
Explanation: Published in 1919, Tradition and the Individual Talent is one of T. S. Eliot's most influential critical essays. It emphasizes the relationship between literary tradition and poetic originality.

Q13. Which literary term refers to a comparison using the words "like" or "as"?
A. Metaphor
B. Symbolism
C. Simile
D. Irony
Ans. C. Simile
Explanation: A simile is a figure of speech that explicitly compares two unlike things using words such as like or as.

Q14. Which work is considered the greatest epic in Old English literature?
A. The Canterbury Tales
B. Beowulf
C. Piers Plowman
D. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
Ans. B. Beowulf
Explanation: Beowulf is the oldest surviving epic poem in Old English. It narrates the heroic exploits of Beowulf against Grendel, Grendel's mother, and a dragon.

Q15. Who among the following is regarded as the founder of Psychoanalytic Criticism?
A. Jacques Derrida
B. Sigmund Freud
C. Karl Marx
D. Ferdinand de Saussure
Ans. B. Sigmund Freud
Explanation: Psychoanalytic criticism is based on the theories of Sigmund Freud, who emphasized the role of the unconscious mind, dreams, repression, and human psychology in literary interpretation.

Q16. Which novel begins with the famous line, "Call me Ishmael."?
A. The Scarlet Letter
B. Moby-Dick
C. The Old Man and the Sea
D. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
Ans. B. Moby-Dick
Explanation: Moby-Dick by Herman Melville opens with the iconic line, "Call me Ishmael," one of the most recognizable opening sentences in world literature.

Q17. Ferdinand de Saussure is primarily associated with which field?
A. American Literature
B. Structural Linguistics
C. Romantic Poetry
D. Feminist Criticism
Ans. B. Structural Linguistics
Explanation: Ferdinand de Saussure is regarded as the father of modern linguistics. His concepts of langue, parole, signifier, and signified laid the foundation for Structuralism.

Q18. Which literary movement emphasized imagination, emotion, and nature over reason?
A. Classicism
B. Romanticism
C. Modernism
D. Realism
Ans. B. Romanticism
Explanation: Romanticism emerged in the late eighteenth century as a reaction against Neo-classicism, celebrating imagination, individual freedom, emotion, and the beauty of nature.

Q19. Which of the following is a play written by George Bernard Shaw?
A. The Importance of Being Earnest
B. Doctor Faustus
C. Pygmalion
D. Volpone
Ans. C. Pygmalion
Explanation: Pygmalion (1913) is George Bernard Shaw's celebrated social comedy. It inspired the famous musical and film My Fair Lady.

Q20. Which branch of linguistics deals with the meaning of words and sentences?
A. Morphology
B. Phonetics
C. Syntax
D. Semantics
Ans. D. Semantics
Explanation: Semantics is the branch of linguistics that studies meaning in language, including the meanings of words, phrases, and sentences.

Q21. Who introduced the concept of the "Objective Correlative" in literary criticism?
A. Matthew Arnold
B. T. S. Eliot
C. I. A. Richards
D. Cleanth Brooks
Ans. B. T. S. Eliot
Explanation: T. S. Eliot introduced the concept of the Objective Correlative in his essay Hamlet and His Problems (1919). It refers to a set of objects, situations, or events that evoke a particular emotion in the reader.

Q22. Which of the following works was written by Virginia Woolf?
A. Sons and Lovers
B. Mrs Dalloway
C. Jude the Obscure
D. Tess of the d'Urbervilles
Ans. B. Mrs Dalloway
Explanation: Mrs Dalloway (1925) is one of Virginia Woolf's finest modernist novels, employing the stream-of-consciousness technique to explore the inner lives of its characters.

Q23. Ferdinand de Saussure defined the linguistic sign as the combination of:
A. Sound and Meaning
B. Langue and Parole
C. Signifier and Signified
D. Syntax and Semantics
Ans. C. Signifier and Signified
Explanation: According to Ferdinand de Saussure, every linguistic sign consists of a Signifier (sound/image) and a Signified (concept or meaning).

Q24. Who is the author of The Waste Land?
A. W. B. Yeats
B. Ezra Pound
C. T. S. Eliot
D. W. H. Auden
Ans. C. T. S. Eliot
Explanation: Published in 1922, The Waste Land is T. S. Eliot's masterpiece and one of the defining poems of Modernism, reflecting post-war disillusionment and cultural fragmentation.

Q25. Which literary device involves giving human qualities to inanimate objects or abstract ideas?
A. Irony
B. Personification
C. Allegory
D. Hyperbole
Ans. B. Personification
Explanation: Personification is a figure of speech in which non-human objects, animals, or abstract ideas are endowed with human characteristics.

Q26. Which novel is written by Thomas Hardy?
A. Great Expectations
B. Tess of the d'Urbervilles
C. Wuthering Heights
D. North and South
Ans. B. Tess of the d'Urbervilles
Explanation: Tess of the d'Urbervilles (1891) is one of Thomas Hardy's greatest novels, portraying fate, social injustice, and moral hypocrisy in Victorian England.

Q27. Who among the following is considered the pioneer of Deconstruction?
A. Roland Barthes
B. Jacques Derrida
C. Michel Foucault
D. Julia Kristeva
Ans. B. Jacques Derrida
Explanation: Jacques Derrida developed the theory of Deconstruction, which questions fixed meanings and reveals the instability and multiple interpretations of texts.

Q28. Which of the following is NOT a play by William Shakespeare?
A. King Lear
B. The Duchess of Malfi
C. Julius Caesar
D. Antony and Cleopatra
Ans. B. The Duchess of Malfi
Explanation: The Duchess of Malfi was written by John Webster. The remaining works are major tragedies by William Shakespeare.

Q29. Which branch of linguistics studies language in its social context?
A. Morphology
B. Sociolinguistics
C. Phonology
D. Pragmatics
Ans. B. Sociolinguistics
Explanation: Sociolinguistics examines the relationship between language and society, including dialects, speech communities, language variation, and social identity.

Q30. Who wrote the novel Midnight's Children?
A. Amitav Ghosh
B. Vikram Seth
C. Salman Rushdie
D. Khushwant Singh
Ans. C. Salman Rushdie
Explanation: Midnight's Children (1981) by Salman Rushdie won the Booker Prize and is regarded as one of the most significant novels in postcolonial literature. It employs the technique of magical realism to narrate the story of post-independence India.

Q31. Who coined the term "Negative Capability"?
A. William Wordsworth
B. S. T. Coleridge
C. John Keats
D. P. B. Shelley
Ans. C. John Keats
Explanation: John Keats coined the term Negative Capability in a letter written in 1817. It refers to the ability to remain content with uncertainty, mystery, and doubt without seeking logical explanations.

Q32. Which of the following novels was written by George Eliot?
A. Jane Eyre
B. Middlemarch
C. North and South
D. Wuthering Heights
Ans. B. Middlemarch
Explanation: Middlemarch (1871–72) is George Eliot's masterpiece and is widely regarded as one of the greatest novels in English literature for its realism and psychological depth.

Q33. In Aristotle's Poetics, which element of tragedy is considered the most important?
A. Character
B. Spectacle
C. Plot
D. Diction
Ans. C. Plot
Explanation: According to Aristotle, plot (mythos) is the soul of tragedy because it organizes the sequence of actions that produce pity, fear, and ultimately catharsis.

Q34. Which of the following is the correct chronological order of the literary periods?
A. Romantic → Renaissance → Victorian → Modern
B. Renaissance → Restoration → Romantic → Victorian
C. Victorian → Romantic → Restoration → Modern
D. Restoration → Renaissance → Victorian → Romantic
Ans. B. Renaissance → Restoration → Romantic → Victorian
Explanation: The correct sequence is Renaissance (16th century), Restoration (1660–1700), Romantic (1798–1837), and Victorian (1837–1901).

Q35. Who wrote the critical work An Apology for Poetry?
A. John Dryden
B. Samuel Johnson
C. Philip Sidney
D. Matthew Arnold
Ans. C. Philip Sidney
Explanation: An Apology for Poetry, also known as The Defence of Poesy, was written by Sir Philip Sidney. It is one of the earliest and most influential works of English literary criticism.

Q36. Which novel by R. K. Narayan is set in the fictional town of Malgudi?
A. Kanthapura
B. The Guide
C. Train to Pakistan
D. Untouchable
Ans. B. The Guide
Explanation: The Guide (1958) is one of R. K. Narayan's best-known novels. Like many of his works, it is set in the fictional South Indian town of Malgudi.

Q37. The study of speech sounds as they are physically produced is known as:
A. Semantics
B. Syntax
C. Phonetics
D. Morphology
Ans. C. Phonetics
Explanation: Phonetics is the scientific study of speech sounds, including their production (articulatory), transmission (acoustic), and perception (auditory).

Q38. Which literary movement is closely associated with fragmentation, alienation, and experimentation in form?
A. Romanticism
B. Modernism
C. Classicism
D. Neoclassicism
Ans. B. Modernism
Explanation: Modernism emerged in the early twentieth century and is characterized by experimentation, fragmented narratives, stream of consciousness, and themes of alienation and uncertainty.

Q39. Which of the following novels was written by D. H. Lawrence?
A. Sons and Lovers
B. Silas Marner
C. The Mill on the Floss
D. Hard Times
Ans. A. Sons and Lovers
Explanation: Sons and Lovers (1913) is D. H. Lawrence's autobiographical novel exploring family relationships, emotional conflict, and psychological development.

Q40. Roland Barthes' essay "The Death of the Author" primarily argues that:
A. The author's biography determines the meaning of a text.
B. Only historical context should be used to interpret literature.
C. The meaning of a text is created through the reader rather than the author's intention.
D. Literary texts should always have only one fixed meaning.
Ans. C. The meaning of a text is created through the reader rather than the author's intention.
Explanation: In The Death of the Author (1967), Roland Barthes argues that a literary work should not be interpreted solely through the author's intentions. Instead, meaning is produced through the interaction between the text and its readers, making interpretation open and plural.

Q41. Who is the author of Doctor Faustus?
A. Ben Jonson
B. Christopher Marlowe
C. Thomas Kyd
D. John Webster
Ans. B. Christopher Marlowe
Explanation: Doctor Faustus is Christopher Marlowe's greatest tragedy. It is based on the German legend of Faust, a scholar who sells his soul to the devil in exchange for knowledge and power.

Q42. Which of the following critical works was written by Matthew Arnold?
A. The Function of Criticism at the Present Time
B. Biographia Literaria
C. Preface to Lyrical Ballads
D. The Sacred Wood
Ans. A. The Function of Criticism at the Present Time
Explanation: In The Function of Criticism at the Present Time (1864), Matthew Arnold emphasizes that criticism should be objective, intellectual, and dedicated to the pursuit of truth.

Q43. Which literary device is illustrated in the expression "The pen is mightier than the sword"?
A. Metonymy
B. Hyperbole
C. Simile
D. Onomatopoeia
Ans. A. Metonymy
Explanation: Metonymy is a figure of speech in which one thing is represented by another closely associated with it. Here, pen represents intellectual power and sword represents military force.

Q44. Who among the following wrote Biographia Literaria?
A. William Wordsworth
B. Samuel Taylor Coleridge
C. Thomas De Quincey
D. William Hazlitt
Ans. B. Samuel Taylor Coleridge
Explanation: Biographia Literaria (1817) is Coleridge's major critical work in which he discusses imagination, poetic theory, and critiques Wordsworth's poetic principles.

Q45. Which of the following novels was written by Charles Dickens?
A. The Return of the Native
B. Great Expectations
C. Adam Bede
D. The Professor
Ans. B. Great Expectations
Explanation: Great Expectations (1861) is one of Charles Dickens's finest novels, tracing the moral and psychological development of the orphan Pip.

Q46. In linguistics, the smallest meaningful unit of language is called:
A. Phoneme
B. Morpheme
C. Grapheme
D. Lexeme
Ans. B. Morpheme
Explanation: A morpheme is the smallest unit in a language that carries meaning. It may be a complete word or a meaningful prefix or suffix.

Q47. Which of the following literary critics proposed the concept of "Practical Criticism"?
A. F. R. Leavis
B. I. A. Richards
C. Northrop Frye
D. Roland Barthes
Ans. B. I. A. Richards
Explanation: I. A. Richards pioneered Practical Criticism, encouraging readers to analyze literary texts closely without relying on external information about the author or historical context.

Q48. Which novel by Anita Desai was shortlisted for the Booker Prize?
A. Cry, the Peacock
B. Clear Light of Day
C. In Custody
D. Fire on the Mountain
Ans. C. In Custody
Explanation: In Custody (1984) by Anita Desai was shortlisted for the Booker Prize. The novel explores the decline of Urdu poetry and the challenges of preserving literary heritage.

Q49. Which literary theory primarily examines the relationship between literature and environmental concerns?
A. Marxism
B. Ecocriticism
C. Feminism
D. Structuralism
Ans. B. Ecocriticism
Explanation: Ecocriticism studies the representation of nature and the environment in literary texts, focusing on ecological awareness and human interaction with the natural world.

Q50. Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?
A. William Blake — The Waste Land
B. John Milton — Paradise Lost
C. T. S. Eliot — Songs of Innocence
D. Geoffrey Chaucer — Ulysses
Ans. B. John Milton — Paradise Lost
Explanation: Paradise Lost is the epic masterpiece of John Milton. The other pairs are incorrect: The Waste Land was written by T. S. Eliot, Songs of Innocence by William Blake, and Ulysses by James Joyce.

Q51. Which of the following is the earliest period in the history of English literature?
A. Middle English Period
B. Elizabethan Age
C. Old English Period
D. Restoration Period
Ans. C. Old English Period
Explanation: The Old English Period (c. 450–1066) is the earliest phase of English literature. It includes heroic poetry such as Beowulf and reflects the Anglo-Saxon cultural tradition.

Q52. Who is the author of The Faerie Queene?
A. Edmund Spenser
B. Geoffrey Chaucer
C. John Milton
D. Alexander Pope
Ans. A. Edmund Spenser
Explanation: The Faerie Queene is an unfinished epic poem by Edmund Spenser. It celebrates the virtues of Queen Elizabeth I through allegorical characters and adventures.

Q53. Which literary device involves an apparent contradiction that reveals a deeper truth?
A. Euphemism
B. Paradox
C. Allusion
D. Metonymy
Ans. B. Paradox
Explanation: A paradox is a statement that appears self-contradictory but, upon closer examination, expresses a valid or profound truth.

Q54. Who wrote the novel A Passage to India?
A. Rudyard Kipling
B. E. M. Forster
C. Joseph Conrad
D. Graham Greene
Ans. B. E. M. Forster
Explanation: A Passage to India (1924) by E. M. Forster explores colonial relationships, cultural misunderstanding, and the tensions between Indians and the British during the colonial period.

Q55. Which linguistic term refers to the smallest distinctive sound unit in a language?
A. Morpheme
B. Phoneme
C. Grapheme
D. Lexeme
Ans. B. Phoneme
Explanation: A phoneme is the smallest unit of sound capable of distinguishing meaning between words, such as /p/ and /b/ in pat and bat.

Q56. Which of the following critics is associated with the concept of the "Touchstone Method"?
A. Samuel Johnson
B. Matthew Arnold
C. T. S. Eliot
D. F. R. Leavis
Ans. B. Matthew Arnold
Explanation: Matthew Arnold proposed the Touchstone Method, suggesting that short passages from great literary works should be used as standards for evaluating the quality of poetry.

Q57. Which of the following novels was written by Salman Rushdie?
A. The Shadow Lines
B. Midnight's Children
C. A Fine Balance
D. The White Tiger
Ans. B. Midnight's Children
Explanation: Midnight's Children (1981) is Salman Rushdie's Booker Prize-winning novel. It combines history, politics, and magical realism to depict post-independence India.

Q58. Which literary movement developed as a reaction against Romanticism and emphasized objective representation of reality?
A. Symbolism
B. Realism
C. Surrealism
D. Expressionism
Ans. B. Realism
Explanation: Realism emerged in the nineteenth century as a reaction against Romanticism. It focused on the truthful depiction of everyday life, ordinary people, and social conditions.

Q59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically correct?
A. Neither of the students have submitted the assignment.
B. Neither of the students has submitted the assignment.
C. Neither of the students were submitting the assignment.
D. Neither of the students are submitting the assignment.
Ans. B. Neither of the students has submitted the assignment.
Explanation: Neither is treated as a singular subject; therefore, it takes the singular verb has.

Q60. Which of the following words is the closest synonym of "Ephemeral"?
A. Eternal
B. Temporary
C. Permanent
D. Infinite
Ans. B. Temporary
Explanation: Ephemeral means lasting for a very short time or temporary. It is frequently tested in M.A. English entrance examinations under vocabulary and usage.

Q61. Which of the following works was written by William Wordsworth?
A. The Prelude
B. Adonais
C. In Memoriam
D. Kubla Khan
Ans. A. The Prelude
Explanation: The Prelude is William Wordsworth's autobiographical epic poem. It traces the growth of the poet's mind and is considered one of the greatest achievements of English Romantic poetry.

Q62. Who wrote the critical work The Mirror and the Lamp?
A. M. H. Abrams
B. Northrop Frye
C. René Wellek
D. Cleanth Brooks
Ans. A. M. H. Abrams
Explanation: The Mirror and the Lamp (1953) by M. H. Abrams is a landmark work of literary criticism. It explains the evolution of literary theories from imitation to expressive theories of literature.

Q63. Which of the following is an example of an elegy?
A. Lycidas
B. Paradise Lost
C. The Rape of the Lock
D. Don Juan
Ans. A. Lycidas
Explanation: Lycidas by John Milton is a pastoral elegy written in memory of his friend Edward King. It is one of the finest elegies in English literature.

Q64. Which literary theory emphasizes binary oppositions and underlying structures in language and literature?
A. Marxism
B. Structuralism
C. Feminism
D. Ecocriticism
Ans. B. Structuralism
Explanation: Structuralism, influenced by Ferdinand de Saussure, studies the underlying systems and binary oppositions that organize language, literature, and culture.

Q65. Which of the following authors wrote Kanthapura?
A. R. K. Narayan
B. Raja Rao
C. Mulk Raj Anand
D. Khushwant Singh
Ans. B. Raja Rao
Explanation: Kanthapura (1938) is Raja Rao's celebrated novel portraying the impact of Mahatma Gandhi's freedom movement on a South Indian village.

Q66. Which of the following correctly defines a Sonnet?
A. A narrative poem of unlimited length.
B. A fourteen-line lyric poem with a fixed rhyme scheme.
C. A humorous dramatic composition.
D. A prose narrative with supernatural elements.
Ans. B. A fourteen-line lyric poem with a fixed rhyme scheme.
Explanation: A sonnet is a lyric poem consisting of fourteen lines. The two most common forms are the Petrarchan (Italian) sonnet and the Shakespearean (English) sonnet.

Q67. Which of the following pairs is incorrectly matched?
A. John Keats — Ode to a Nightingale
B. Percy Bysshe Shelley — Adonais
C. William Blake — The Prelude
D. Samuel Taylor Coleridge — The Rime of the Ancient Mariner
Ans. C. William Blake — The Prelude
Explanation: The Prelude was written by William Wordsworth, not William Blake. The remaining author–work pairs are correct.

Q68. According to Noam Chomsky, the innate ability of human beings to acquire language is explained through:
A. Behaviorism
B. Universal Grammar
C. Speech Act Theory
D. Structural Linguistics
Ans. B. Universal Grammar
Explanation: Noam Chomsky proposed the theory of Universal Grammar, arguing that humans are born with an innate linguistic capacity that enables language acquisition.

Q69. Which of the following novels won the Booker Prize in 2008?
A. The White Tiger
B. The Inheritance of Loss
C. The God of Small Things
D. Midnight's Children
Ans. A. The White Tiger
Explanation: The White Tiger by Aravind Adiga won the Booker Prize in 2008. The novel presents a sharp critique of class inequality and contemporary Indian society.

Q70. Which of the following statements about New Criticism is correct?
A. It focuses primarily on the author's biography.
B. It emphasizes close reading of the text itself.
C. It studies literature only through historical events.
D. It rejects the importance of literary language.
Ans. B. It emphasizes close reading of the text itself.
Explanation: New Criticism advocates close reading and detailed textual analysis. It gives primary importance to the literary text itself rather than the author's life, historical background, or reader response.

Q71. Which of the following works is an example of a Mock Epic?
A. Paradise Lost
B. The Faerie Queene
C. The Rape of the Lock
D. Beowulf
Ans. C. The Rape of the Lock
Explanation: The Rape of the Lock (1712) by Alexander Pope is the finest example of a Mock Epic. It humorously applies the style and conventions of epic poetry to a trivial social incident.

Q72. Who among the following wrote Untouchable?
A. Raja Rao
B. Mulk Raj Anand
C. R. K. Narayan
D. Khushwant Singh
Ans. B. Mulk Raj Anand
Explanation: Untouchable (1935) is Mulk Raj Anand's first novel. It presents the life of Bakha, a young sweeper, and is regarded as a landmark work in Indian Writing in English.

Q73. Which literary critic is regarded as the founder of Archetypal Criticism?
A. Northrop Frye
B. Roland Barthes
C. Terry Eagleton
D. Jacques Derrida
Ans. A. Northrop Frye
Explanation: Northrop Frye's Anatomy of Criticism (1957) established Archetypal Criticism, emphasizing recurring myths, symbols, and universal patterns found across literary works.

Q74. Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?
A. Thomas Hardy — Jude the Obscure
B. Charles Dickens — Wuthering Heights
C. Jane Austen — Middlemarch
D. George Eliot — David Copperfield
Ans. A. Thomas Hardy — Jude the Obscure
Explanation: Jude the Obscure is Thomas Hardy's final novel. Wuthering Heights was written by Emily Brontë, Middlemarch by George Eliot, and David Copperfield by Charles Dickens.

Q75. Which branch of linguistics studies sentence structure and grammatical relationships?
A. Semantics
B. Morphology
C. Syntax
D. Phonetics
Ans. C. Syntax
Explanation: Syntax is the branch of linguistics that examines how words combine to form grammatically correct phrases and sentences.

Q76. Who wrote the essay "The Study of Poetry"?
A. Matthew Arnold
B. Samuel Johnson
C. John Dryden
D. William Hazlitt
Ans. A. Matthew Arnold
Explanation: The Study of Poetry is one of Matthew Arnold's most influential essays. He argues that poetry possesses the power to convey truth and provide moral guidance.

Q77. Which of the following literary forms is primarily written to praise a person, event, or object?
A. Elegy
B. Satire
C. Ode
D. Ballad
Ans. C. Ode
Explanation: An ode is a formal lyric poem composed in praise of a person, object, idea, or significant event. John Keats's great odes are among the finest examples in English literature.

Q78. Which of the following novels was written by Toni Morrison?
A. Invisible Man
B. Beloved
C. Native Son
D. Go Tell It on the Mountain
Ans. B. Beloved
Explanation: Beloved (1987) is Toni Morrison's Pulitzer Prize-winning novel. It explores the traumatic legacy of slavery and is regarded as one of the greatest works of contemporary American literature.

Q79. Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?
A. Longinus — On the Sublime
B. Plato — Poetics
C. Aristotle — Republic
D. Philip Sidney — The Sacred Wood
Ans. A. Longinus — On the Sublime
Explanation: On the Sublime is traditionally attributed to Longinus. Poetics was written by Aristotle, Republic by Plato, and The Sacred Wood by T. S. Eliot.

Q80. In Postcolonial Theory, the concept of "Hybridity" is most closely associated with:
A. Edward W. Said
B. Frantz Fanon
C. Homi K. Bhabha
D. Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak
Ans. C. Homi K. Bhabha
Explanation: Homi K. Bhabha introduced the concept of Hybridity, which explains how colonial and indigenous cultures interact to create new cultural identities that transcend fixed binaries.

Q81. Which of the following novels is written by Mulk Raj Anand?
A. Untouchable
B. The Guide
C. Kanthapura
D. A Suitable Boy
Ans. A. Untouchable
Explanation: Untouchable (1935) is Mulk Raj Anand's debut novel. It portrays a single day in the life of Bakha, a young sweeper, exposing the social evil of untouchability in India.

Q82. Who among the following wrote Orientalism, a foundational work in Postcolonial Studies?
A. Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak
B. Homi K. Bhabha
C. Edward W. Said
D. Frantz Fanon
Ans. C. Edward W. Said
Explanation: Edward W. Said's Orientalism (1978) laid the foundation of Postcolonial Studies by examining how the West constructed and represented the East through literature, history, and culture.

Q83. Which of the following is an example of a dramatic monologue?
A. The Waste Land
B. My Last Duchess
C. Lycidas
D. Kubla Khan
Ans. B. My Last Duchess
Explanation: My Last Duchess by Robert Browning is the most celebrated example of a dramatic monologue, where the Duke unknowingly reveals his own personality while speaking to a silent listener.

Q84. In English grammar, which of the following is a compound sentence?
A. Although it was raining, we continued our journey.
B. She completed her assignment, and she submitted it on time.
C. Walking along the river, he found a coin.
D. Having finished the work, she went home.
Ans. B. She completed her assignment, and she submitted it on time.
Explanation: A compound sentence consists of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction such as and, but, or, nor, for, so, or yet.

Q85. Which of the following literary critics is best known for the concept of the "Anxiety of Influence"?
A. Harold Bloom
B. Cleanth Brooks
C. Terry Eagleton
D. René Wellek
Ans. A. Harold Bloom
Explanation: Harold Bloom introduced the concept of the Anxiety of Influence, arguing that strong poets struggle with the influence of their literary predecessors while creating original works.

Q86. Which of the following works was written by Chinua Achebe?
A. A Grain of Wheat
B. Things Fall Apart
C. Disgrace
D. Season of Migration to the North
Ans. B. Things Fall Apart
Explanation: Things Fall Apart (1958) is Chinua Achebe's masterpiece. It depicts the cultural disruption caused by British colonialism in Igbo society.

Q87. The term "Hamartia" in Aristotle's theory of tragedy refers to:
A. A tragic flaw or error in judgment
B. The final resolution of the plot
C. The unity of place
D. A comic interlude in tragedy
Ans. A. A tragic flaw or error in judgment
Explanation: Hamartia is the tragic flaw or mistake committed by the tragic hero that ultimately leads to his or her downfall.

Q88. Which of the following is NOT one of the major branches of linguistics?
A. Morphology
B. Syntax
C. Paleontology
D. Pragmatics
Ans. C. Paleontology
Explanation: Paleontology is the scientific study of fossils and prehistoric life. It is unrelated to linguistics, whereas Morphology, Syntax, and Pragmatics are major branches of linguistic studies.

Q89. Which of the following writers is associated with the Stream of Consciousness technique?
A. Virginia Woolf
B. Daniel Defoe
C. Henry Fielding
D. Jonathan Swift
Ans. A. Virginia Woolf
Explanation: Virginia Woolf is one of the foremost practitioners of the Stream of Consciousness narrative technique, especially in novels such as Mrs Dalloway and To the Lighthouse.

Q90. Which literary form is primarily intended to narrate the heroic deeds of a legendary or historical figure?
A. Sonnet
B. Elegy
C. Epic
D. Ode
Ans. C. Epic
Explanation: An epic is a long narrative poem that recounts the heroic exploits of an extraordinary hero and often reflects the ideals, beliefs, and history of a nation or civilization.

Q91. Who is the author of The Portrait of a Lady?
A. Henry James
B. Thomas Hardy
C. George Eliot
D. Joseph Conrad
Ans. A. Henry James
Explanation: The Portrait of a Lady (1881) is one of Henry James's greatest novels. It explores the themes of personal freedom, moral choice, and the conflict between American innocence and European sophistication.

Q92. Who wrote the influential essay "The Death of the Author"?
A. Michel Foucault
B. Roland Barthes
C. Jacques Derrida
D. Terry Eagleton
Ans. B. Roland Barthes
Explanation: The Death of the Author (1967) by Roland Barthes argues that the interpretation of a literary text should not depend solely on the author's intentions but on the reader's engagement with the text.

Q93. Which of the following figures of speech involves a deliberate exaggeration for emphasis?
A. Irony
B. Hyperbole
C. Metonymy
D. Synecdoche
Ans. B. Hyperbole
Explanation: Hyperbole is a figure of speech that intentionally exaggerates an idea or description to create emphasis or dramatic effect.

Q94. Which of the following correctly defines Pragmatics?
A. The study of word formation.
B. The study of sentence structure.
C. The study of language in context and speaker meaning.
D. The study of speech sounds.
Ans. C. The study of language in context and speaker meaning.
Explanation: Pragmatics examines how context influences meaning. It focuses on what speakers intend to communicate rather than only the literal meaning of words.

Q95. Which of the following novels was written by Vikram Seth?
A. The Shadow Lines
B. A Suitable Boy
C. Clear Light of Day
D. Train to Pakistan
Ans. B. A Suitable Boy
Explanation: A Suitable Boy (1993) by Vikram Seth is one of the longest novels ever published in the English language and portrays post-independence Indian society through the lives of four interconnected families.

Q96. Who among the following is regarded as the founder of New Historicism?
A. Stephen Greenblatt
B. Raymond Williams
C. Cleanth Brooks
D. Roman Jakobson
Ans. A. Stephen Greenblatt
Explanation: Stephen Greenblatt is widely recognized as the founder of New Historicism, a critical approach that studies literary texts in relation to the historical and cultural forces that shaped them.

Q97. Which of the following is NOT a novel by Charles Dickens?
A. Oliver Twist
B. David Copperfield
C. Hard Times
D. The Mill on the Floss
Ans. D. The Mill on the Floss
Explanation: The Mill on the Floss was written by George Eliot. The remaining works are among Charles Dickens's best-known novels.

Q98. Which of the following is the correct passive form of the sentence "They have completed the project."?
A. The project has completed.
B. The project has been completed by them.
C. The project had been completed by them.
D. The project is completed by them.
Ans. B. The project has been completed by them.
Explanation: In the present perfect passive voice, the structure is has/have + been + past participle. Therefore, the correct transformation is "The project has been completed by them."

Q99. Which of the following words is the antonym of "Benevolent"?
A. Compassionate
B. Kindhearted
C. Malevolent
D. Generous
Ans. C. Malevolent
Explanation: Benevolent means kind, charitable, or well-disposed, whereas Malevolent means wishing harm or having ill intentions. Therefore, they are antonyms.

Q100. Which of the following correctly matches the literary movement with its principal characteristic?
A. Romanticism — Emphasis on reason and classical restraint
B. Modernism — Fragmentation, experimentation, and alienation
C. Realism — Supernatural imagination and fantasy
D. Neoclassicism — Stream of Consciousness technique
Ans. B. Modernism — Fragmentation, experimentation, and alienation
Explanation: Modernism is characterized by fragmented narratives, formal experimentation, psychological depth, and themes of alienation and uncertainty. These features distinguish it from earlier literary movements such as Romanticism, Realism, and Neoclassicism.

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